Existing Car Park Mechanisms The three types of mechanisms used for car parks currently would be the smart parking system, Parking Guidance and Information System (PGIS) and automated parking. Figure 8 Smart parking system Note. Figure 8 shows how the Smart parking system works in a HDB car park. Housing & Development Board, 2022 As Figure 8 demonstrated, the smart parking system includes functions such as camera capturing vehicle plates for registration without scanning the In-vehicle Unit (IU) card reader, light sensors to indicate occupancy of the lot and payment made using the Housing Development Board (HDB) application. This saves time for drivers as they would not have to waste time finding empty lots and waiting for the gantry to read the IU for payment charges. Parking Guidance and Information System (PGIS) works similar to the smart parking system utilising the function of light sensors to indicate the vacancy of a parking space. The information from the sensors...